How is a computer designed?

Design of a computer:
The design of a computer depicts the nature and functionality of system that would be used by the programmer indeed to execute his versions.
hence to depict the nature of the system we have two basic aspects that are most important for the computers to be designed.They are
1.Computer architecture and
2.Computer organization.
Let us know how do these terms differ by each other
Computer architecture: refers to those attributes of a system visible to a programmer or in other way that have a direct impact to the logical execution of a program designed by a programmer.Examples of the architectural attributes include the instruction set, the number of bits used to represent various data types,input/output mechanisms and techniques for addressing memory.
Computer organization: refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications.Examples of the organizational attributes are
those hardware details transparent to the programmer,such as control signals,interfaces between the computer and peripherals,and the memory technology used.

In a class of computer called the microcomputers, the relationship between the architecture and the organization is very close.Changes in technology not only influence organization but also result in the introduction of more powerful and more complex architectures.
Generally,there is less of a requirement for generation-to-generation compatibility for these smaller machines.Thus,there is more interplay between organizational and architectural decisions